Why is the specific gravity of petroleum products significant in site assessments?

The specific gravity of petroleum products is significant in site assessments primarily because it influences how contaminants behave in the environment, particularly in relation to groundwater. When assessing a site, understanding the specific gravity helps determine whether a petroleum product will float on water, sink, or mix with it.

For instance, petroleum products typically have a specific gravity less than 1, meaning they will tend to float on the surface of water. Conversely, if a product has a specific gravity greater than 1, it will sink. This characteristic is crucial for predicting the migration patterns of contaminants in groundwater. If a spill occurs, the specific gravity will inform remediation strategies by indicating the potential path of contamination and aiding in the development of effective cleanup measures. By understanding how these products might migrate or spread in subsurface environments, environmental professionals can make informed decisions during site assessments and remediation planning.