How much oxygen is required for petroleum products to combust?

For the combustion of petroleum products, approximately 12 to 14% oxygen is typically required to achieve an efficient and stable combustion. This range indicates that there needs to be a sufficient amount of oxygen available in the atmosphere to support the chemical reaction that occurs during combustion, which involves the hydrocarbon compounds present in petroleum reacting with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy.

In a combustion process, too little oxygen can lead to incomplete combustion, resulting in the production of carbon monoxide and other harmful byproducts, rather than just carbon dioxide and water. The level of oxygen directly impacts the efficiency of the combustion process, which is crucial in applications involving petroleum products, such as fuel in combustion engines or heating systems.

Other specified options either fall below or above the required range for efficient combustion of petroleum, indicating either insufficient or excessive oxygen levels that are not conducive to optimal burning conditions. Thus, understanding this range is essential for ensuring safety and efficiency in environments where petroleum products are handled or utilized.